��Q�Q�7X~���܏U�TJ6�Bv�h��k[�[�9k��X�����z�ڸ\�|۾��9*"11}�!�w#�� �'�ȹ���w3e����`�`�w�_`��ٕ��Q����ݗ�����l��-��f3�V*�eҏ8I-���8���-Za�3����n��ʻ�! ��� �C� @� 9�? %���� endobj It is a concept that goes beyond the immediate relatives and extends to all members of a tribe. There are several characteristics of culture impacting the interactions between Middle Eastern and Western peoples. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. doi: 10.2196/14646. The impact of migration on the health status of Iranians: an integrative literature review. Another area that public health professionals often examine when looking at health disparities is how culture impacts one’s health. While generalizations of Middle Eastern culture are readily apparent, some variation and extremes are found within the geographical area known as the Middle East. In 1998, the World Mental Health Survey Initiative was conducted by the World Federation for Mental Health. Misconception of Middle Eastern Culture and Religion | Melika Rahmani | TEDxJMU Melika is a student at James Madison University. For example, among patients traveling to the U.S. for care, those from the Middle East comprise more than those from any other region (Johnson & Garman, 2010). Compare how Western beliefs influence cross cultural understanding between Muslim/Middle Eastern patients and medical providers. Research suggest that chicken and boilers are dangerous for female reproductive health as they imbalance women’s hormones and leads to serious mental illness. �7?��g�Ğ���r� DS������� 0p�V�:���ۜ � �K��]�ۜ � ˇ�w�2Q�u'��+@� � ����ビe��b� ��=����w��@� ��x�E��ow@� �@�� h������>U���� -, Soc Sci Med. 4nai姯O���ӝ�ox� h̳���_�-'@wA�? A good way to think about cultural competency is through practicing Cultural humility. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Men and women in the Middle East marry first or second cousins for various reasons. ��� �C� @� 9�? Relationships between Middle Eastern patients and Western health care professionals are often troubled by mutual misunderstanding of culturally influenced values and communication styles. stream Although pharaonic medicine and later yunāni medicine were extremely important literate medical traditions in this region of the world, this essay begins with a brief history of prophetic (Islamic) medicine, which arose during the period following the Prophet Muḥammad's death in 632 ce and which still represents an extremely influential healing tradition throughout the region. 1977 Jan;11(1):3-10 Employing personnel trained in Europe, India, Pakistan, Middle Ea… He was a middle-aged man from a large city in Saudi Arabia. ��� �C� @� 9�? Traditional healing methods Although not found in all Muslim cultures, the use of traditional healing methods and folk remedies is common among Muslims of varying cultural roots and some are based on Prophetic medicine (Tibb al-Nabawi). ��� �C� @� 9�? Bonmatí-Tomas A, Malagón-Aguilera MC, Gelabert-Vilella S, Bosch-Farré C, Vaandrager L, García-Gil MM, Juvinyà-Canal D. Int J Equity Health. 4 0 obj Ensuring safe and quality health care for all patients requires physicians to understand how each patient’s sociocultural background affects his or her health beliefs and behavior. Culture and Healthcare. 1968 Sep;2(3):235-48 NLM ��� �C� @� 9�? 2020 Mar 9;22(3):e14646. The author describes health beliefs and practices of the Arab Muslim population in the United States. <> ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? been studied in specific groups of minority healthcare students and other. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. <>>> ��� �C� @� 9�? With a growing Muslim population in many parts of the world - including 2.7 million Muslims in England and Wales (Office for National Statistics, 2011) and nearly 77,000 in Scotland (National Records of Scotland, 2011) - it is reasonable to assume that nurses frequently encounter Muslim patients in the healthcare system and … ��� �C� @� 9�? 4o�;3��`G��? There are guidelines that will provide an understanding of the cultural characteristics of Middle Easterners and, therefore, will improve rather than impede their health care. ��� �C� @� 9�? Surgeons' Interactions With and Attitudes Toward E-Patients: Questionnaire Study in Germany and Oman. ��� �C� @� 9�? � � �����v⿗ �� ��>�\X��� {�? HHS ��� �C� @� 9�? assimilation of health care practices, and follow through with medical. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? For example, among patients traveling to the U.S. for care, those from the Middle East comprise more than those from any other region (Johnson & Garman, 2010). eCollection 2016 Jan-Dec. Shishehgar S, Gholizadeh L, DiGiacomo M, Davidson PM. Dec. 15, 2020. Cultural competence does not mean endorsing another’s beliefs, but simply making room in your world for that person to hold their beliefs. ��� �C� @� 9�? Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies is a popular and growing program at universities throughout the city and the United States. <> Cultural Competence is a Journey, Not a Destination. ��� �C� @� 9�? Ensuring safe and quality health care for all patients requires physicians to understand how each patient’s sociocultural background affects his or her health beliefs and behavior. ��� �C� @� 9�? Some belive in illness in atonment for sins. Medical Care in Palestine: Working in a Conflict Zone. f֢oh9I0S}��g�u�3�9��?���қ�Pob0M�/QR�����g���������cRb���u'N�W�/�����M���I���u��2��y9�#���\N��c(�=j����ūIf����^>�nm� J��5b��!-1c}����(� ��� �C� @� 9�? The Crescent of Care nursing model is derived from an ethnographic study of the health beliefs and care meanings of Arab Muslim nurses caring for Arab Muslim patients in the Middle East region. �٣G�o{i�|�O � �u���~��L � �����"�˷���]P� -����צ:��� �� ��� �C� @� 9�? %PDF-1.5 Thus, the need for transcultural nursing is undeniable. 2005 Feb 1;71(3):515-22. In Hispanic and Arab cultures, male health care providers may be prohibited from touching or examining certain parts of the female body; similarly, females may be prohibited from caring for males. The study of mental health in the Middle East is an area of research that continues to grow in its scope and content. Healthcare systems in the Middle East vary. “There is a growing body of research to connect racism to poor health outcomes,” says Dr. Neil Maniar, professor of practice and director of the Master of Public Health programat Northeastern University. Family planning services is very low in the Middle East, resulting in many pregnancies and a lack of attention towards women’s health. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? endobj ��u&�؆��ML��D��Ogap0�� {I�0)�I�;��w�9���-��*���b��M��\�A,�} c���NJ;iv���2��.wF�l�'o��(�̀�'���*^P��i��|�u��o�lݲn_ �VQ�D�y�� Due to a lack of ignorance and cultural values, the practice of family planning is considered wrong. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Salutogenic health promotion program for migrant women at risk of social exclusion. NIH In the World Health Organization’s (WHO) World Health Report issued in 2000, the UAE ranked 27 in the world for its performance. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? -. ��� �C� @� 9�? We know something about the people of the Middle East, but we are not well acquainted with certain important cultural patterns of that area. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Ann N Y Acad Sci. Men and women in the Middle East marry first or second cousins for various reasons. 2015 Aug 15;15:20. doi: 10.1186/s12914-015-0058-7. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? <> Health care in the Middle East With rapidly growing economies linked to oil, tourism and the financial industry, countries in this area have a large population of expats from all around the world. Although clinical education and cultural diversity in health care have. USA.gov. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. Family is the foundation of Arab culture. The majority of people that make up the Middle East are we Arab Muslims who together share certain values, traditions, and old beliefs that are remarkably different from those of Westerners. ��� �C� @� 9�? Am Fam Physician. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Who is an Arab? ��� �C� @� 9�? ���N,��_�XuT� @�^��g��^�u� h���:{%�;o����� �w�>8�c�t������ �_'�^*㿁 �� ���V�xe��ϏU2n�j� �'ޙ)�|�O��+@� @�9>w��c7���V@@� @_L�[*�� pK�@� @��V�>8���ۚ /�:�? But beyond that, it is the exposure to racism itself that has … ��� �C� @� 9�? Cross-cultural communication in the physician's office. ��� �C� @� 9�? In Hispanic and Arab cultures, male health care providers may be prohibited from touching or examining certain parts of the female body; similarly, females may be prohibited from caring for males. That population is at an increased risk for several diseases and faces many barriers to accessing the American health care system. Many people are still … Abstract. x���]o�0��#�?��N�;��J%@�mLtA�E����I��n꿟���&$���9�y�h�yz;ry �I ��� �C� @� 9�? The (WFMH) was originally created in 1948 and works in concert with the World Health Organization (WHO). Middle Eastern countries have a primarily polychronic work style, they usually engage in multiple activities and goals at the same time. Dimens Oncol Nurs. The growing number and mobility among Muslims make certain that healthcare providers globally will encounter Muslim … The growing number and mobility among Muslims make certain that healthcare providers globally will encounter Muslim … The preservation of that ancient knowledge is important to the culture; in 1995, younger generations were failing to learn about the medicinal plants and treatments of their ancestor, and the Middle-Eastern Medicinal Plant Project was started to collect information and also to … In addition to other factors, religion and cultural background influence individuals' beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes toward health and illness. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Consider the following scenarios: A married 32-year-old Middle Eastern female with uterine fibroids presented at the office of a gynecologist. Well-equipped and well-staffed for a relatively small population, there are around 70 hospitals and 150 clinics, making up a competent health care infrastructure. <> Kaplan RL, Khoury CE, Field ERS, Mokhbat J. Glob Qual Nurs Res. The term familism is often used to describe the dominant social pattern where decision-making processes emphasize the needs of the family/group first, and the concept of having a “… ��� �C� @� 9�? A personal approach and continuity of care by the same health care professional help to bridge the gap between Middle Eastern cultures and Western medical culture. 1978 Oct;10(4):347-51 ��� �C� @� 9�? Problems in providing health care involve obtaining adequate information, "demanding behavior" by a patient's family, conflicting beliefs about planning ahead and differing patterns of communicating grave diagnoses or "bad news." ��� �C� @� 9�? A person seeking medical care may be accompanied by one or more people in Mid-Eastern culture who expect to be present during the medical examination or interview, who listen carefully and often answer for the patient. The preservation of that ancient knowledge is important to the culture; in 1995, younger generations were failing to learn about the medicinal plants and treatments of their ancestor, and the Middle-Eastern Medicinal Plant Project was started to collect information and also to … ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Although Middle Easterners vary ethnically, they do share a core of common values and behavior that include the importance of affiliation and family, time and space orientations, interactional style and attitudes toward health … Delivering high-quality care to Muslim patients means having an awareness of the Islamic faith and Islamic beliefs. ��� �C� @� 9�? A good way to think about cultural competency is through practicing Cultural humility. The reason hides behind the bitter truth: the strong social and cultural stigmas the Middle East carries against mental illness – stigmas that prevent discussions, education, and aid. Cultural expressions affecting patient care. ��� �C� @� 9�? Usually it is an elderly person who will feel offended if … Reciprocal health arrangements with countries rarely exist, and you should be prepared to … 1 0 obj ��� �C� @� 9�? �KK+�>���M&�� �A��{�v��&@� �@�hr������ �� `p���|ϫ�E�os� \�ޙ)�� н�? In addition, periodic use of cultural interpreters helps ameliorate the Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 2016 May 22;3:2333393616650082. doi: 10.1177/2333393616650082. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Muslim women are the following: (1) shame and honor principles, (2) modesty, (3) gender roles, (4) use of physical touch, (5) gender preferences of health care. This view may be found among Latin American, African American, and Middle Eastern cultures. �����w�X��w1�? The term Arab is associated with a particular region of the world. How This Impacts Care •Patient brings 1 or 2 additional people to visit who listen carefully for patient and may answer for patient. In collectivist cultures absolute loyalty is expected to one’s immediate and extended family/tribe. ��� �C� @� 9�? For example, in some places in the Middle East, it is not a social taboo for an Arab man and woman from the same family to enter into a consanguineous marriage (Obeidat,Khadar, Omarin, Kassawneh, & Omari, 2010; Pedersen, 2002; Grant & Bittles, 1997). •During illness or crisis, Middle Eastern rely heavily on their “in-group” instead of trying to cope more individually as many Americans would. Family involvement is "a significant contributor to the emotional, social, and psychological well-being of the patient" (Halligan, 2006, p. 1568). x��� s]�}�����}�kZ���I!i����PR&��la1k�S���1Lڲ�F����-K�,��s̝��=��s�����E|����|���s��y��y��%�;���y��y��y�p�N�� 0��? For example, in some places in the Middle East, it is not a social taboo for an Arab man and woman from the same family to enter into a consanguineous marriage (Obeidat,Khadar, Omarin, Kassawneh, & Omari, 2010; Pedersen, 2002; Grant & Bittles, 1997). Health Science project by Kate, Will, Alex, Andrea. When you look at young African-American men in the criminal justice system, for example, there are significant disparities that exist across many aspects of community health. ��� �C� @� 9�? -, Science. �ǁ����ű��4�? <>/XObject<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Although Middle Easterners vary ethnically, they do share a core of common values and behavior that include the importance of affiliation and family, time and space orientations, interactional style and attitudes toward health and illness. Cultural Competence is a Journey, Not a Destination. ��� �C� @� 9�? Among many Asian Americans, touching a person's head may be impolite because that's where they believe the spirit resides. It is these popular healing traditions and their connection to Islam that represent the substance of this brief essay. Understanding the Middle Eastern health environment, the cultural perceptions of health and illness, and the social factors that interplay in the patient's personal decisions are essential for the betterment of health service provision to this population. Biomedical refers to the belief system generally held in the US in which life “is controlled by a series of physical and biochemical processes that can be studied and manipulated by humans” (Andrews & Boyle, 2008, p.68). May face sity … Physicians are increasingly faced with providing care to a multicultural society complicated by literacy issues. evaluation and treatment. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Many patients come from Muslim-majority nations in the Middle East to Western healthcare systems. ��� �C� @� 9�? 2 0 obj 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):129-36 Culture is one of the most important determining factors in healthcare preferences and practices. ��� �C� @� 9�? 6 0 obj 4�����:����� Ф�٥�_�(��|�L�[�? -, Soc Sci Med. ��� �C� @� 9�? 4�ݑ�7=w����L�]��� Ѐ����^���uL�m��� P������6��2�� �� � u{��L��i�P��� P�c#����;��� P�Q � ��],ڻ���L � 5��g��9U����&�� ��. Some families may insist on knowing the diagnosis before the patient and may then decide how much to actually relay to the patient… Cultural values have an impact on the assessment of patients’ cultural needs, as well as on the planning and delivery of nursing care. ��� �C� @� 9�? Masters K, Loda T, Johannink J, Al-Abri R, Herrmann-Werner A. J Med Internet Res. Ethnic elders and American health care--a physician's perspective. ��� �C� @� 9�? The Middle East branch of the Faith & Belief Forum, based in Jerusalem, runs a ground-breaking project for improved intercultural relations in the healthcare sector. •People close to patient consider it a … endstream endobj ��� �C� @� 9�? Males dominate and make decisions on health care. 2019 Sep 3;18(1):139. doi: 10.1186/s12939-019-1032-0. Another characteristic that distinguishes Middle Eastern management communication style from that of the West is related to the perception of time and space. ��� �C� @� 9�? -, J Biosoc Sci. ��� �C� @� 9�? �€ ���Ѡ)46�Ϡ The United Arab Emirates’ health care system has a good ratio of doctors (2.5 per 1000 population) and is financed by a healthy $1600 per capitaper year. ��� �C� @� 9�? Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Cultural diversity at the end of life: issues and guidelines for family physicians. of Middle Easterners and, therefore, will improve rather than impede their health care. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? When we go as Americans or Europeans, we focus our attention on movements, tourist attractions, etc., but we seldom care to see or investigate how the Middle Eastern people respond to death and dying. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Middle Eastern Culture. 5 0 obj Examine how Islamic Law and the five pillars of Islamic faith impact personal beliefs and medical relevance. In the Middle East, time is an open-ended concept. ��� �C� @� 9�? Historically prophetic me… ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? �8~fA� @�KK+{M� H�챙{^��� 0��;u��� C��������]� @�ǎN�_>� C����,�� ��6u~������ 0�.-����ٻ���x� �ҡ��_>� C�㩅N�wO � C�����^�Z����� 0d�o��~�N�� 2�F.�_>� Cl���O^����� �� `h���ٻ~=Q��&�� �����~t`����V�� �!pjf����m2�? Cultural competence does not mean endorsing another’s beliefs, but simply making room in your world for that person to hold their beliefs. Health is caused by spirtual causes. Cultural influences on presentation of symptoms and mental health problems also need to be considered. The literature was qualitatively summarized by health behavior (vaccination, tobacco use, drug and alcohol use, and physical activity), health outcome (diabetes, mental health, cardiovascular disease, cancer, women's, and child health), and populations at increased risk of poor health outcomes (adolescents and the elderly).Results: The majority of studies identified exploring Arab American health … ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? stream ��� �C� @� 9�?  |  ��� �C� @� 9�? �� �BO�f�;��� � ���s?|qu�W2�? “There are many ways that race and ethnicity are connected to health. Blog. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��Ĺ�;�O�_��� �K+�>S��&`�G��? National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�?  |  Biomedical refers to the belief system generally held in the US in which life “is controlled by a series of physical and biochemical processes that can be studied and manipulated by humans” (Andrews & Boyle, 2008, p.68). In the Middle Eastern region, excessive consumption of chicken and a poor diet also leads to increased female health problems.  |  Consider the following scenarios: A married 32-year-old Middle Eastern female with uterine fibroids … In addition, periodic use of cultural interpreters helps ameliorate the intensity of some cultural issues. Medical care can be excellent in Israel, Turkey and Gulf cities, with well-trained doctors and nurses, but can be patchier elsewhere. ��� �C� @� 9�? How to increase brand awareness through consistency; Dec. 11, 2020 ��� �C� @� 9�? This view may be found among Latin American, African American, and Middle Eastern cultures. 3 0 obj Living Day by Day: The Meaning of Living With HIV/AIDS Among Women in Lebanon. A personal approach and continuity of care by the same health care professional help to bridge the gap between Middle Eastern cultures and Western medical culture. ��� �C� @� 9�? Among many Asian Americans, touching a person's head may be impolite because that's where they believe the spirit resides. ��� �C� @� 9�? Individualistic cultures stress self-reliance, decision-making based on individual needs, and the right to a private life. ��� �C� @� 9�? COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. 1969 Dec 19;164(3):871-80 Many patients come from Muslim-majority nations in the Middle East to Western healthcare systems. Unit 1 – (Basic) Introduction of Culture and Patient Care Review history of Muslim people in the United States and Michigan . ��� �C� @� 9�? In hospital situations, decisions are made by the family and may dictate the extent of care to be provided. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? Cleanliness essential for health. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? studies have been completed on the general health beliefs of Muslim patients, there are few studies in medical, nursing, or allied health related to the health. ��� �C� @� 9�? 1990 Spring;4(1):16-26. ��� �C� @� 9�? Cross cultural issues in adolescent medicine. ��� �C� @� 9�? ��� �C� @� 9�? endobj Relationships between Middle Eastern patients and Western health care professionals are often troubled by mutual misunderstanding of culturally influenced values and communication styles. Cultures differ in how much they encourage individuality and uniqueness vs. conformity and interdependence. ��� �C� @� 9�? Included in these constructs for health beliefs of. 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J Equity health by Day: the Meaning of living with HIV/AIDS among women in the East. Issues and guidelines for family physicians for patient cultural humility and Oman nurses, but can be patchier elsewhere wrong. Culturally influenced values and communication styles ���M & �� �A�� { �v�� & @ � � @ ��.